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Vol. 14. Issue 3.
Pages 291-293 (May - June 2010)
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Vol. 14. Issue 3.
Pages 291-293 (May - June 2010)
Case report
Open Access
Acute HIV infection with rapid progression to AIDS
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Marcio de Oliveira Silva1,
Corresponding author
oliveiras_m@yahoo.com.br

Correspondence to: Rua Jorge Simões, 156 Ed. San Juan, apt. 302, Bonfim Salvador – Bahia – Brazil CEP: 40415-720.
, Milena Bastos1, Eduardo Martins Netto1, Nancy Alves de Lima Gouvea2, Alex Jose Leite Torres1, Esper Kallas2, David I. Watkins3, Marcus Altfeld4, Carlos Brites1
1 Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil
2 Faculdade de Medicina de São Paulo, Brazil
3 Wisconsin National Primate Research, USA
4 Partners AIDS Research Center, Infectious Diseases Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
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Abstract

Acute HIV infection is rarely recognized as the signs and symptoms are normally unspecific and can persist for days or weeks. The normal HIV course is characterized by a progressive loss of CD4+ cells, which normally leads to severe immunodeficiency after a variable time interval. The mean time from initial infection to development of clinical AIDS is approximately 8-10 years, but it is variable among individuals and depends on a complex interaction between virus and host. Here we describe an extraordinary case of a man who developed Pneumocisits jiroveci pneumonia within one month after sexual exposure to HIV-1, and then presented with 3 consecutive CD4 counts bellow 200 cells/mm3 within 3 months, with no other opportunistic disease. Although antiretroviral therapy (AZT+3TC+ATZ/r) was started, with full adherence of the patient, and genotyping indicating no primary antiretroviral resistance mutations, he required more than six months to have a CD4 restoration to levels above 200 cells/mm3 and 10 months to HIV-RNA to become undetectable.

Keywords:
HIV
acute infection
progression
AIDS
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