Article information
Abstract
This report describes a cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of hepatitis C antibodies (anti-HCV) in Tamboara, a small community in the northwest area from Paraná State, south of Brazil with a high rate of accumulated detection for HCV. Eight hundred and sixteen residents (17.87% from all the population), independently of the age and time living in Tamboara were included in this study by an epidemiologic questionnaire and by testing for anti-HCV. The rapid immuno-chromatographic test was applied for detection of HCV antibodies. The anti-HCV prevalence by rapid test was 4.28%. The median age for positive and negative test was 60.49 ± 14.14 and 41.67 ± 20.25, respectively (p < 0.001). By multivariate analysis, only familial history of hepatitis (p = 0.001; OR = 6.41; CI 95% = 2.08-19.78) and age (p = 0.007; OR 1.06;95% CI = 1.02-1.10) showed statistical significance for positive anti-HCV. The rapid test sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 92.7% respectively, with an accuracy of 95.8% (95% CI = 91-100). These findings demonstrated a high prevalence of anti-HCV in Tamboara. The familial history of hepatitis was a significant risk factor to the infection and HCV rapid test showed to be accurate and feasible for epidemiological survey.
Keywords:
hepatitis C
epidemiology
Brazil
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1.]
Q.L. Choo, G. Kuo, A.J. Weiner, et al.
Isolation of a DNA clone derived from a blood-borne non-A, non-B viral hepatitis genome.
Science, 244 (1989), pp. 359-362
[2.]
M.L. Shiffman, S. Saab, S. Fengs, et al.
Liver and intestine transplantation in the United States, 1995–2004.
American Journal of Transplantation, 6 (2006), pp. 1170-1187
[3.]
E. Gringeri, A. Vitale, A. Brolese, et al.
Hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis as a significant mortality factor in intention-to-treat analysis in liver transplantation.
Transplantation Proceedings, 39 (2007), pp. 1901-1903
[4.]
Associação Brasileira de Transplante de Órgãos (ABTO) Database. http://www.abto.org.br/abtov02/portugues/populacao/rbt/rbt10anos/index.aspx?idCategoria=2. Accessed 13 August 2009.
[5.]
F. Abdel-Aziz, M. Habib, M.K. Mohamed, et al.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in a community in the Nile delta: population description and HCV prevalence.
Hepatology, 32 (2000), pp. 111-115
[6.]
R.D. Stefano, T. Stroffolini, D. Ferraro, et al.
Endemic hepatitis C virus infection in a Sicilian town: further evidence for iatrogenic transmission.
Journal of Medical Virology, 67 (2002), pp. 339-344
[7.]
M.J. Alter, D. Kruszon-Moran, O.V. Nainan, et al.
The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1988 through 1994.
New England Journal of Medicine, 341 (1999), pp. 556-562
[8.]
A. Domínguez, M. Bruguera, J. Vidal, et al.
Community-based seroepidemiological survey of HCV infection in Catalonia, Spain.
Journal of Medical Virology, 65 (2001), pp. 688-693
[9.]
C.A. Sun, H. Chen, S. Lu, et al.
Persistent hyperendemicity of hepatitis C virus infection in Taiwan: the important role of iatrogenic risk factors.
Journal of Medical Virology, 65 (2001), pp. 30-34
[10.]
D. Lavanchy.
The global burden of hepatitis C.
Liver International, 29 (2009), pp. 74-81
[11.]
C.A. Ivantes, H. Amarante, S.O. Ioshii, R. Pasquini.
Hepatitis C virus in long-term bone marrow transplant survivors.
Bone Marrow Transplantation, 33 (2004), pp. 1181-1185
[12.]
M. Carvalho, P.P. Branco, M.L. Luvizotto, et al.
High prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in chronic hemodialysis patients.
Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 3 (1999), pp. 144-148
[13.]
F.J. Carrilho, L.C. Silva.
Epidemiologia.
Hepatites Agudas e Crônicas, pp. 73-95
[14.]
A.C.M. Braga, I.J.M. Reason, E.C.P. Maluf, et al.
Leprosy and confinement due to leprosy show high association with hepatitis C in southern Brazil.
Acta Tropica, 97 (2006), pp. 88-93
[15.]
F. Patiño-Sarcinelli, J. Hyman, L.A. Camacho, et al.
Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C antibodies in volunteer blood donors in Brazil.
Transfusion, 34 (1994), pp. 138-141
[16.]
F.L. Gonçales Jr., R.J. Pedro, L.J. Silva, et al.
Hepatites pós-transfusionais na cidade de Campinas, SP, Brasil. ll. Presença de anticorpos anti-HBc e anti-HCV em candidatos a doadores de sangue e ocorrência de hepatites pós-transfusionais pelo vírus C nos receptores de sangue ou derivados.
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 35 (1993), pp. 63-71
[17.]
A. Ferreira, D. Greca, E. Tavares, et al.
Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B and C infection in Kaingang Indians from south Brazil.
Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 20 (2006), pp. 230-235
[18.]
R. Focaccia, O.J. Conceição, H. Sette Jr, et al.
Estimated prevalence of viral hepatitis in the general population of the municipality of São Paulo, measured by a serologic survey of stratified, randomized and residence-based population.
Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2 (1998), pp. 269-284
[19.]
J.C. Fonseca.
Epidemiologia da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C no Brasil. Relatório de estudo da Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia.
GED, 18 (1999), pp. S3-S8
[20.]
Ministério da Saúde Database. (http://portal.saude.gov.br/portal/saude/Gestor/visualizar_texto.cfm?idtxt=27220). Access 14 August 2009.
[21.]
SINAN. (http://tabnet.datasus.gov.br/cgi/deftohtm). Access 20 August 2009.
[22.]
A. Dominguez, M. Bruguera, J. Vidal, et al.
Community-based seroepidemiological survey of HCV infection in Catalonia, Spain.
Journal of Medical Virology, 65 (2001), pp. 688-693
[23.]
M. Ishibasi, H. Shinzawa, M. Kuboki, et al.
Prevalence of inhabitants with anti-hepatitis C virus antibody in an area following an acute hepatitis C epidemic: age and area-related features.
Journal of Epidemiology, 6 (1996), pp. 1-7
[24.]
F.J.D. Souto, G.A. Espírito Santo, J.C. Philippi, et al.
Prevalência e fatores associados a marcadores do vírus da hepatite B em população rural do Brasil central.
Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 10 (2001), pp. 388-394
[25.]
Nacional Survey. Presented in: XX Brazilian Congress of Hepatology. Gramado – Brazil. 2009.
[26.]
M.R. Rao, A.B. Naficy, M.A. Darwich, et al.
Further evidence for association of hepatitis C infection with parenteral schistosomiasis treatment in Egypt.
BMC Infectious Diseases, 29 (2002), pp. 1-7
[27.]
S. Campiotto, J.R. Pinho, F.J. Carrilho, et al.
Geographic distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in Brazil.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 38 (2005), pp. 41-49
[28.]
R. Focaccia, D.C.M. Baraldo, M.L.G. Ferraz, et al.
Demographic and anthropometrical analysis and genotype distribution of chronic hepatitis C patients treated in public and private reference centers in Brazil.
The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 8 (2004), pp. 348-355
[29.]
M. Espírito-Santo, M.A.S. Carneiro, N.R.S. Reis, et al.
Genotyping hepatitis C virus from hemodialysis patients in Central Brazil by line probe assay sequence analysis.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 40 (2007), pp. 545-550
[30.]
D. Desbois, V.F. Vaghefi, J. Savay, et al.
Sensitivity of a rapid immuno- chromatographic test for hepatitis C antibodies detection.
Journal of Clinical Virology, 41 (2008), pp. 129-133
Copyright © 2010. Elsevier Editora Ltda.. All rights reserved
