Journal Information
Vol. 16. Issue 1.
Pages 68-73 (January - February 2012)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 16. Issue 1.
Pages 68-73 (January - February 2012)
Brief Communication
Open Access
Rational design of diagnostic and vaccination strategies for tuberculosis
Visits
2542
Sibele Borsuka,
Corresponding author
sibeleborsuk@gmail.com

Corresponding author at: Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 354; 96010-900, 354, Pelotas, RS, 96010-900, Brazil.
, Fabiana Kommling Seixasa, Daniela Fernandes Ramosa, Tom Mendumb, Johnjoe McFaddenb, Odir Dellagostina
a Biotechnology Center, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
b School of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
This item has received

Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
Abstract

The development of diagnostic tests which can readily differentiate between vaccinated and tuberculosis-infected individuals is crucial for the wider utilization of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as vaccine in humans and animals. BCG_0092 is an antigen that elicits specific delayed type hypersensitivity reactions similar in size and morphological aspects to that elicited by purified protein derivative, in both animals and humans infected with the tubercle bacilli. We carried out bioinformatics analyses of the BCG_0092 and designed a diagnostic test by using the predicted MHC class I epitopes. In addition, we performed a knockout of this gene by homologous recombination in the BCG vaccine strain to allow differentiation of vaccinated from infected individuals. For that, the flanking sequences of the target gene (BCG_0092) were cloned into a suicide vector. Spontaneous double crossovers, which result in wild type revertants or knockouts were selected using SacB. BCG_0092 is present only in members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Eight predicted MHC class I epitopes with potential for immunological diagnosis were defined, allowing the design of a specific diagnostic test. The strategy used to delete the (BCG_0092) gene from BCG was successful. The knockout genotype was confirmed by PCR and by Southern blot. The mutant BCG strain has the potential of inducing protection against tuberculosis without interfering with the diagnostic test based on the use of selected epitopes from BCG_0092.

Keywords:
Gene knockout techniques
Clinical diagnosis
BCG vaccine
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1.]
WHO. Global Tuberculosis Control. WHO report. WHO/CDS/TB/2002. 2002.
[2.]
R.G. Bastos, S. Borsuk, F.K. Seixas, O.A. Dellagostin.
Recombinant Mycobacterium bovis BCG.
Vaccine, 27 (2009), pp. 6495-6503
[3.]
B.R. Bloom, P.E.M. Fine.
The BCG experience: implications for future vaccines against tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis: pathogenicity, protection and control, pp. 531-557
[4.]
K.A. Jensen.
Culture and type differentiation among strains of tubercle bacilli: a simplification of the methodology for application in laboratory practice.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 12 (2008), pp. 1382-1392
[5.]
J. Dziadek, A. Sajduda, T.M. Borun.
Specificity of insertion sequence-based PCR assays for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 5 (2001), pp. 569-574
[6.]
A. Parra, N. Garcia, A. Garcia, et al.
Development of a molecular diagnostic test applied to experimental abattoir surveillance on bovine tuberculosis.
Vet Microbiol, 127 (2008), pp. 315-324
[7.]
M.L. Gennaro.
Immunologic diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Clin Infect Dis, 30 (2000), pp. S243-S246
[8.]
J. Minion, A. Zwerling, M. Pai.
Diagnostics for tuberculosis: what new knowledge did we gain through The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease in 2008?.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 13 (2009), pp. 691-697
[9.]
R.E. Huebner, M.F. Schein, J.B. Bass Jr..
The tuberculin skin test.
Clin Infect Dis, 17 (1993), pp. 968-975
[10.]
D.B. Young.
Heat-shock proteins: immunity and autoimmunity.
Curr Opin Immunol, 4 (1992), pp. 396-400
[11.]
D. Dalley, D. Dave, S. Lesellier, et al.
Development and evaluation of a gamma-interferon assay for tuberculosis in badgers (Meles meles).
Tuberculosis, 88 (2008), pp. 235-243
[12.]
B.M. Buddle, N.A. Parlane, D.L. Keen, et al.
Differentiation between Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated and M. bovis-infected cattle by using recombinant mycobacterial antigens.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 6 (1999), pp. 1-5
[13.]
B.M. Buddle, T.J. Ryan, J.M. Pollock, et al.
Use of ESAT-6 in the interferon-gamma test for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis following skin testing.
Vet Microbiol, 80 (2001), pp. 37-46
[14.]
R.N. Coler, Y.A. Skeiky, P.J. Ovendale, et al.
Cloning of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis gene encoding a purifed protein derivative protein that elicits strong tuberculosis-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity.
J Infect Dis, 182 (2000), pp. 224-233
[15.]
A. Campos-Neto, V. Rodrigues-Junior, D.B. Pedral-Sampaio, et al.
Evaluation of DPPD, a single recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein as an alternative antigen for the Mantoux test.
Tuberculosis, 81 (2001), pp. 353-358
[16.]
M.A. Larkin, G. Blackshields, N.P. Brown, W. Clustal, X. Clustal, et al.
version 2.0.
Bioinformatics, 23 (2007), pp. 2947-2948
[17.]
R. Cowan, R.G. Whittaker.
Hydrophobicity indices for amino acid residues as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Pept Res, 3 (1990), pp. 75-80
[18.]
P.L. Privalov, S.J. Gill.
Stability of protein structure and hydrophobic interaction.
Adv Protein Chem, 39 (1988), pp. 191-234
[19.]
H.M. Vordermeier, A. Whelan, P.J. Cockle, et al.
Use of synthetic peptides derived from the antigens ESAT-6 and CFP-10 for differential diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in cattle.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 8 (2001), pp. 571-578
[20.]
T. Parish, N.G. Stoker.
Use of a flexible cassette method togenerate a double unmarked Mycobacterium tuberculosis tlyA plcABC mutant by gene replacement.
Microbiology, 146 (2000), pp. 1969-1975
[21.]
J. Hakenberg, A.K. Nussbaum, H. Schild, et al.
MAPPP: MHC class I antigenic peptide processing prediction.
Appl Bioinformatics, 2 (2003), pp. 155-158
[22.]
H. Rammensee, J. Bachmann, N.P. Emmerich, et al.
SYFPEITHI: database for MHC ligands and peptide motifs.
Immunogenetics, 50 (1999), pp. 213-219
[23.]
S.T. Cole, R. Brosch, J. Parkhill, et al.
Deciphering the biology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the complete genome sequence.
Nature, 393 (1998), pp. 537-544
[24.]
R.D. Fleischmann, D. Alland, J.A. Eisen, et al.
Whole-genome comparison of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical and laboratory strains.
J Bacteriol, 184 (2002), pp. 5479-5490
[25.]
T. Garnier, K. Eiglmeier, J.C. Camus, et al.
The complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium bovis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 100 (2003), pp. 7877-7882
[26.]
M. Seki, I. Honda, I. Fujita, et al.
Whole genome sequence analysis of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) Tokyo 172: a comparative study of BCG vaccine substrains.
Vaccine, 27 (2009), pp. 1710-1716
[27.]
T.P. Stinear, T. Seemann, S. Pidot, et al.
Reductive evolution and niche adaptation inferred from the genome of Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent of Buruli ulcer.
Genome Res, 17 (2007), pp. 192-200
[28.]
T.P. Stinear, T. Seemann, P.F. Harrison, et al.
Insights from the complete genome sequence of Mycobacterium marinum on the evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Genome Res, 18 (2008), pp. 729-741
[29.]
L.S. Erikkson, H.O. Conn.
Branched-chain amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy.
Gastroenterology, 99 (1990), pp. 604-607
[30.]
K.A. Dill.
Dominant forces in protein folding.
Biochemistry, 29 (1990), pp. 7133-7155
[31.]
K.C. Parker, M.A. Bednarek, J.E. Coligan.
Scheme for ranking potential HLA-A2 binding peptides based on independent binding of individual peptide side-chains.
J Immunol, 152 (1994), pp. 163-175
[32.]
H.J. Mollenkopf, L. Grode, J. Mattow, et al.
Application of mycobacterial proteomics to vaccine design: improved protection by Mycobacterium bovis BCG prime-Rv3407 DNA boost vaccination against tuberculosis.
Infect Immun, 72 (2004), pp. 6471-6479
[33.]
L.A. van Pinxteren, P. Ravn, E.M. Agger, et al.
Diagnosis of tuberculosis based on the two specific antigens ESAT-6 and CFP10.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 7 (2000), pp. 155-160
[34.]
H.M. Vordermeier, P.C. Cockle, A. Whelan, et al.
Development of diagnostic reagents to differentiate between Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination and M. bovis infection in cattle.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 6 (1999), pp. 675-682
Copyright © 2012. Elsevier Editora Ltda.. All rights reserved
The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases
Article options
Tools